-
Rønning, Thomas & Bråthen, Gina
(2022)
HR-2021-2532-A. Arbeidsgivers trekk i lønn for påstått feilutbetaling (motregning). Tolkning av arbeidsavtale med klausul om lønnstrekk. Tilbakebetaling. Condictio indebiti. Dissens 4-1.
Nytt i privatretten : nyhetsbrev for informasjon på det privatret, 24(1).
-
Fernández, Jonatan Echebarria
(2022)
Public Health restrictions on the European Union’s four freedoms to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learnt and a critical analysis
The Columbia journal of European law, 28(1).
-
Skjønberg, Alexander Sønderland
(2022)
Kommentarer til arbeidsmiljøloven kapittel 11, 14 og 16.
Karnov lovkommentarer.
-
Innset, Ola
(2022)
Metahistory as Public History: On Introducing Metahistorical Perspectives in Events about Events
-
Espeli, Harald
(2022)
The minimum wage regulations in the Act on Industrial Home Work 1918–1995
-
Goldthau, Andreas & Sitter, Nick
(2021)
Horses for courses. The roles of IPE and Global Public Policy in global energy research
-
Callegari, Beniamino; Luzzi, Alessandra, Martinsen, Ingvild & Walla, Elise
(2021)
Digital Transformation: meet or evade the Challenge? A Case Study in the Maritime Industry
Academy of Management Proceedings.
-
Christensen, Sverre August
(2021)
A Narrative Approach to Corporate Relations: The Historical Background on Telenor’s Success
-
Collste, David; Cornell, Sarah E., Randers, Jørgen, Rockström, Johan & Stoknes, Per Espen
(2021)
Human well-being in the Anthropocene: Limits to growth
-
Callegari, Beniamino & Feder, Christophe
(2021)
Entrepreneurship and the systemic consequences of epidemics: A literature review and emerging model
-
Sitter, Nick
(2021)
Defending the State: Nationalism, Geopolitics and Differentiated Integration in Visegrád Four Security Policy
European Foreign Affairs Review, 26, p. 127-144.
Vis sammendrag
During the second half of the 2010s the governments of Poland and Hungary took a sharp turn away from liberal democracy and the rule of law. As they slipped down the international democracy rankings, the European Union initiated its procedures under Article 7 to investigate possible breaches of its fundamental laws and values. However, the two governments sought to distinguish between their conflict with the European Commission over the rule of law on one hand and their commitment to collective security on the other. The central question in this article is whether they managed to do this, and to what extent democratic backsliding poses security challenges for the EU by weakening its actorness in the field of security, defence and foreign policy. A comparative assessment of Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic suggests that democratic backsliding does indeed have security implications for the EU, but that this is only one of several factors driving differentiated integration in the Visegrád Four in this field. Developments in the region are part of a wider EU trend of re-nationalization of security policy. Indeed, in the security field, vertical differentiated integration (in the sense of different mixes of supranational and intergovernmental regimes) is a key factor in mitigating the consequences of horizontal differentiation (different Member State policies).
-
Jåstad, Eirik Ogner; Bolkesjø, Torjus Folsland, Rørstad, Per Kr., Midttun, Atle, Sandquist, Judit & Trømborg, Erik
(2021)
The future role of forest-based biofuels: Industrial impacts in the Nordic countries
Vis sammendrag
This study applies a partial equilibrium forest sector model to analyse the impacts of biofuel deployment for road transport in the Nordic countries, when alternative use of the biomass resources and transport sector electrification are considered. We foresee a strong electrification of the transport sector, resulting in a demand for biofuels of approximately 2.5 billion L in 2035 and 1 billion L in 2050 in a 100% fossil-free base scenario. The simultaneous increase in demand from pulping industries and biofuel will cause an overall increase in wood use, of which the biofuels share will constitute approximately 20–25%. The utilization of harvest residues will increase more than 300% compared to the current level, since biofuel production will reallocate some of the current raw material used in district heating. Biofuel consumption in road transport will likely reduce after 2040 due to increasing electrification, but it is plausible that the declining domestic demand will be replaced by increasing demand from international biofuel markets in aviation and shipping. The main uncertainties in the scenarios are the future costs and profitability of forest-based biofuel technologies and the public acceptance of the close to 100 TWh of new renewable electricity production needed for the electrification of Nordic road transport
-
Innset, Ola
(2021)
An Army of Fighters for Freedom. The social environment of the first Mont Pélerin-Society conference
-
Ellingsæter, Sjur Swensen
(2021)
Verdimaksimering eller likedeling? Grensene for omstøtelse av kongruente betalinger
-
Stoknes, Per Espen; Bjerke Soldal, Olav, Hansen, Sissel, Kvande, Ingvar & Skjelderup, Sylvia Weddegjerde
(2021)
Willingness to Pay for Crowdfunding Local Agricultural Climate Solutions
-
Sogner, Knut
(2021)
Creating and Protecting paths. Learning in an entrepreneurial state
-
Espeli, Harald
(2021)
Beskatningen av aksjeselskap før Norge fikk en aksjelov i 1910
-
Espeli, Harald
(2021)
Beskatningen av aksjeselskapene og aksjonærene i skattelovene av 1911
-
Espeli, Harald
(2021)
Sjøfartshistorisk årbok, p. 7-64.
-
Espeli, Harald
(2021)
Minstelønnsloven for underordnede handelsfolk 1918–1925
-
Espeli, Harald
(2020)
Insurance cartels and state policies in Norway, 1870s–1990s
-
Goldthau, Andreas & Sitter, Nick
(2020)
Power, authority and security: the EU’s Russian gas dilemma
-
Bråthen, Tore
(2020)
N/A
Nordisk Tidsskrift for Selskabsret, p. 13-44.
Vis sammendrag
The Norwegian regulation of Related Parties Transactions (RPT) has been developed through a total of five phases. The development startet with the EEA-adaption of the former Limited Liability Act of 1976 in 1995. Originally, a rule on «Nachgrundung» in public limited companies was enacted. The General Assembley had to approve specified agreements for them to be valid. The statutory provision largely coincided with the requirements of the EU’s Second Company Law Directive. With The Limited Companies Acts of 1997 the rule was significantly extended to include agreements on both limited companies’ and public limited companies’ acquisitions from shareholders as well as from natural and legal persons treated as shareholders. The provisions made exceptions for, amongst others, commercial agreements. Later the provision was extended to cover all types of agreements (acquisitions as well as disposals, etc.) with an expanding circle of natural and legal persons. Attempts were made to precisely define the exception for commercial agreements and additional exceptions were introduced. By amendments in 2019, the Public Limited Companies Act was adapted to the requirements of SRD II. For limited liability companies and for non-listed public limited companies substantial amendments were enacted. The number of agreements that should apply with the procedural rules was in reality significantly reduced, attempts were made to further specify the exception for commercial agreements, the necessary resolutions shall be made by the Board of Directors and not any longer by the General Assembley, and the invalidity rule was softended. The paper reviews the development of the Norwegian rules on RPTs and the circumstances leading to the various amendments of these rules. Furthermore, it includes an analysis of the new rules on RPTs applicable to limited companies and non-listed public limited companies.
-
Randers, Jørgen & Golüke, Ulrich
(2020)
An earth system model shows self-sustained melting of permafrost even if all man-made GHG emissions stop in 2020
-
Ellingsæter, Sjur Swensen & Meling, Marie
(2020)
Rekonstruksjonslovens muligheter og begrensninger
-
Espeli, Harald
(2020)
Pensjonstrygden for statens arbeidere blir til (1917–1951)