Sebastian is Professor of Law and Technology at BI Norwegian Business School. He remains Associate Professor in IT Law and Law and New Technology (10%) at the Centre for Information and Innovation Law (CIIR) at the University of Copenhagen, where he previously served as Director.
📗 Most of my publications are publicly available as author-version on SSRN, ResearchGate or Google Scholar. Please reach out, if you experience difficulties accessing my research.
Quintais, João Pedro; Katzenbach, Christian, Dergacheva, Daria, Schwemer, Sebastian Felix, Riis, Thomas, Mezei, Péter, Harkai, István & Magalhães, João Carlos (2024)
Copyright content moderation in the European Union: State of the art, ways forward og policy recommenations
Margoni, Thomas; Quintais, João Pedro & Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2022)
Algorithmic propagation: do property rights in data increase bias in content moderation? – Part II
Margoni, Thomas; Quintais, João Pedro & Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2022)
Algorithmic propagation: do property rights in data increase bias in content moderation? Part I
Chalkidis, Ilias; Pasini, Tommaso, Zhang, Sheng, Tomada, Letizia, Schwemer, Sebastian Felix & Søgaard, Anders (2022)
FairLex: A Multilingual Benchmark for Evaluating Fairness in Legal Text Processing
, s. 4389- 4406.
Senftleben, Martin; Margoni, Thomas, Antal, Daniel, Bodó, Balázs, Gompel, Stef van, Handke, Christian, Kretschmer, Martin, Poort, Joost, Quintais, João Pedro & Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2022)
Ensuring the Visibility and Accessibility of European Creative Content on the World Market: The Need for Copyright Data Improvement in the Light of New Technologies and the Opportunity Arising from Article 17 of the CDSM Directive
13(1) , s. 67- 86.
Quintais, João Pedro & Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2022)
The Interplay between the Digital Services Act and Sector Regulation: How Special Is Copyright?
Copyright is territorial, but the same cannot be said of the internet, whose borderless nature has changed the way we consume copyright-protected material. Nevertheless, territorial segmentation of online content remains a reality in the 28 member states of the European Union. Licensing and access practices do not reflect this digital reality, in which end-users demand ubiquitous access to content. For this reason, the territorial nature of copyright and traditional business models based on national exploitation prevent the completion of the Digital Single Market. Sebastian Felix Schwemer provides a unique analysis of the dynamic licensing and access arrangements for audiovisual works and music and shows how they are being addressed by sector regulation and competition law in the Digital Single Market. His analysis, which includes case law of the Court of Justice, the Commission's competition proceedings, and various legislative tools, reveals the overlapping nature of legislative and non-legislative regulatory solutions.
Udsen, Henrik & Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2019)
Mellemmandsansvar
, s. 477- 517.
Riis, Thomas & Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2019)
Leaving the European Safe Harbor, Sailing towards Algorithmic Content Regulation
22(7) , s. 1- 21.
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix & Schovsbo, Jens (2019)
What Is Left of User Rights: Algorithmic Copyright Enforcement and Free Speech in the Light of the Article 17 Regime
, s. 569- 589.
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2019)
Trusted notifiers and the privatization of online enforcement
Kollektiv forvaltning i informationssamfundet og det nye regime under direktivet 2014/26/EU
(6) , s. 697- 705.
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2014)
The licensing of online music streaming services in Europe
, s. 141- 164.
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2012)
Food for Thought – Revisiting the Rationale of Law-based Food Origin Protection
(3) , s. 134- 142.
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2023)
Styrkeprøven for Europas nye SoMe-lov er i gang: »Det er et varsel om, hvad andre virksomheder kan se frem til«
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2022)
DSA-forordning på vei – Nå vil EU regulere big-tech
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2022)
Topforhandler: Elon Musk og Twitter risikerer milliardbøder i EU
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2021)
Die EU will künstliche Intelligenz regulieren: die wichtigsten Punkte und die Bedeutung für die Schweiz
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2021)
Rufe nach strengeren Regeln für Internetriesen nach Sturm auf Kapitol
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2021)
Statsministeren blæser til kamp mod techgiganterne
[Kronikk]
Olsen, Henrik Palmer & Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2021)
EUs udspil om kunstig intelligens er måske skuffende for nogen – men det er langt at foretrække fremfor det eneste andet scenario
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2020)
Digital Services Act: Was die neuen EU-Gesetze bedeuten
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2020)
Digitalisierung & KI Background: Was der DSA für die Haftung bedeutet
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2020)
Digital Services Act
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2019)
Europe’s top court sets new line on policing illegal speech online
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2019)
Europe’s copyright dispute shows just how hard it is to fix the internet’s problems
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2019)
The gloomy saga of Article 13 just got a whole lot worse
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2019)
Kritikerne frygter censur: Historisk stor reform af internettet er næsten i mål trods massiv modstand
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2019)
Facebook can be forced to delete defamatory content worldwide, top EU court rules
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2019)
After a brief rebellion, the EU link tax and upload filter will move to a final vote
[Kronikk]
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2024)
Data aspects of regulating recommender systems
[Lecture]. Event
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2024)
"AI" fairness in EU technology law
[Lecture]. Event
Aabakken, Gard Lid; Eguia, Lara Marie Nicole, Mahler, Tobias & Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2023)
Mapping Legal Tech in Norway
[Report Research].
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix; Katzenbach, Christian, Dergacheva, Daria, Riis, Thomas & Quintais, João Pedro (2023)
Impact of content moderation practices and technologies on access and diversity
[Report Research].
Quintais, João Pedro & Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2023)
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) and Guidelines for Intermediary Platforms
[Report Research].
Quintais, João Pedro; Katzenbach, Christian, Schwemer, Sebastian Felix, Dergacheva, Daria, Riis, Thomas, Mezei, Péter & Harkai, István (2022)
Copyright Content Moderation in the EU: Conclusions and Policy Recommendations
[Report Research].
This report is a deliverable in the reCreating Europe project. The report describes and summarizes the results of our research on the mapping of the EU legal framework and intermediaries’ practices on copyright content moderation and removal. In particular, this report summarizes the results of our previous deliverables and tasks, namely: (1) our Final Report on mapping of EU legal framework and intermediaries’ practices on copyright content moderation and removal; and (2) our Final Evaluation and Measuring Report - impact of moderation practices and technologies on access and diversity.
Our previous reports contain a detailed description of the legal and empirical methodology underpinning our research and findings. This report focuses on bringing together these findings in a concise format and advancing policy recommendations. After a brief introductory chapter, Section 2 of the report summarizes the main conclusions and findings from our mapping analysis into content moderation of copyright-protected content on online platforms in the EU. This analysis covers our conceptual framework, copyright content moderation rules at EU and national level, and our empirical research on private regulation by platforms. Regarding the latter, we studied the copyright content moderation structures adopted by 15 social media platforms over time, with a focus on their terms and conditions and automated systems.
Section 3 then summarizes the main conclusions and findings from our evaluation analysis. This includes first a legal and normative analysis on multi-level legal frameworks regulating copyright content moderation, which covers an examination of the overlaps and interplay of existing legal frameworks, the development of benchmarks for normative assessment (focusing on concept of “rough justice” and “quality” of moderation), and, with a view to future regulation in this field, a reflection on context and bias in copyright content moderation. The empirical prong of our research addresses the challenging topic of measuring the impact of moderation practices and technologies on access and diversity. To do so, we tackle three dimensions of this problem: (1) we investigate all the aggregated data on copyright moderation provided by the platforms themselves; (2) we analyse content level data of platforms with regard to changes and factors of cultural diversity on social media and streaming platforms, specifically YouTube; (3) we explore creators’ understanding and experiences of copyright moderation in relation to their creative work and the labour of media production on social media platforms
Section 4 outlines our policy recommendations for EU and national policymakers. These recommendations touch upon the following topics: the definition of “online content-sharing service provider”; the recognition and operationalisation of user rights; the complementary nature of complaint and redress safeguards; the scope of permissible preventive filtering; the clarification of the relationship between art. 17 CDSMD and the DSA, including as regards the application of fundamental rights through terms and conditions; monetisation and restrictive content moderation actions; recommender systems and copyright content moderation; transparency and data access for researchers; trade secret protection and transparency of content moderation systems; the relationship between art. 17 CDSMD, the DSA and the AI Act Proposal respectively; and human competences in copyright content moderation.
Quintais, João Pedro; Mezei, Péter, Harkai, István, Magalhães, João Carlos, Katzenbach, Christian, Schwemer, Sebastian Felix & Riis, Thomas (2022)
Copyright Content Moderation in the EU: An Interdisciplinary Mapping Analysis
[Report Research].
This report is part of the reCreating Europe project and describes the results of the research carried out in the context of Work Package 6 on the mapping of the EU legal framework and intermediaries’ practices on copyright content moderation. The Report addresses the following main research question: how can we map the impact on access to culture in the Digital Single Market (DSM) of content moderation of copyright-protected content on online platforms?
Udsen, Henrik & Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2021)
Algoritmer som indholdspoliti: Internettets store dilemma
[Professional Article]. , s. 52- 54.
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2020)
Report on the workshop on the liability of DNS service providers under the E-Commerce Directive
[Report Research].
Prepared for Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology (Unit Future Networks, Next-Generation Internet, F.2)
Schwemer, Sebastian Felix; Mahler, Tobias & Styri, Håkon (2020)
Legal analysis of the intermediary service providers of non-hosting nature
[Report Research].
This study is part of the broader evidence collection conducted by the Commission in view of the evaluation of the ECD and preparation of a new Digital Services Act. Its main objective is to inform the Commission on the technological and legal evolution around non-hosting intermediary services and the way the legal framework for such services could be upgraded. The study focuses in particular on the legal clarity in the liability exemption for such services in light of the technical characteristics and nature of the respective services. The overall goal of the study is to provide insights to answer the question whether Article 12 and 13 ECD are still fit for purpose, and –where applicable– to provide recommendations on how the current framework might be updated.
Udsen, Henrik; Borberg, Vibeke, Riis, Thomas, Rosenmeier, Morten, Schovsbo, Jens & Schwemer, Sebastian Felix (2019)
Lærebog i informationsret
[Textbook].
Riis, Thomas; Elholm, Thomas, Nordberg, Ana, Schwemer, Sebastian Felix & Wallberg, Knud (2018)
Study on legislative measures related to online IPR infringements
[Report Research].
Academic Degrees
Year
Academic Department
Degree
2016
University of Copenhagen
Ph.D.
2012
University of Copenhagen & Copenhagen Business School
Master of Science
2010
Ludwig-Maximilians University
Diplom-Jurist (Univ.)
Work Experience
Year
Employer
Job Title
2025 - Present
BI Norwegian Business School
Professor
2020 - Present
University of Copenhagen, Centre for Information and Innovation Law (CIIR)
Associate Professor
2020 - 2024
University of Oslo, Norwegian Research Center for Computers & Law (NRCCL)
Associate Professor
2017 - 2019
Danish Internet Forum (DIFO) & University of Copenhagen
