Professor Torger Reve currently holds the Wilh Wilhelmsen Chair in Strategy and Industrial Competitiveness at BI Norwegian Business School, where he also heads the Center for Maritime Competitiveness.
Torger Reve has been President at BI Norwegian Business School, 1997-2005, which is the maximum tenure period according to the statutes of the school. Before his presidential term at BI, Torger Reve was President at the Foundation for Research in Economics and Business Administration (SNF), 1995-1997, and Professor of Organization Science at the Norwegian School of Economics (NHH), Bergen, Norway, 1984-1997.
Torger Reve has a Ph.D in marketing from Kellogg Graduate School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA, 1980. He also holds two master degrees in business administration from the Norwegian School of Economics (NHH), Bergen, Norway, 1972 and 1975, and a BA degree in liberal arts at Gustavus Adolphus College, Minnesota, USA, 1970.
He has been a visiting research scholar at Stanford University, Graduate School of Business, Palo Alto, CA., Hitotsubashi University, Graduate School of Commerce, Tokyo, Fudan University, Graduate School of Management, Shanghai, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and Harvard Business School, Boston, MA and a visiting professor in marketing at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC. He teaches at BI MSc, MBA and EMBA programs in Oslo, Singapore and Shanghai, and he lectures to business audiences worldwide.
Torger Reve has received several internatitonal research prizes and awards, BI's prize for excellent research communication (2012), and he is listed among the twenty most influential business thinkers in the Nordics (2013).
Torger Reve has held several public and private offices and board memberships, including the Norwegian Prime Minister's Competitiveness Council, Chairman of the Board at the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK) and board memberships at Ekornes ASA, Lærdal Medical AS, Mega Tankers AS, IT Fornebu AS, Abelia, and European Foundation of Management Development (EFMD), Brussels. Advisory board appointments include Stromme Foundation (NGO speciallizing in microfinance and education), Simula (Centre of rersearch excellence in IT), Maritime Port Authorities of Singapore and Singapore Maritime Institute.
His current board appointments include Sorlandet Foundation for Innovation and Competence Development (chairman), OBOS (the largest buidling and real estate company in Norway), Norway Trade Fairs, Maritime Foundation of Oslo, Global maritime knowledge hub and Norshipping.
Torger Reve is a Norwegian citizen born in 1949, living in Oslo, Norway. He is married, has three children and four grandchildren.
Research areas
Torger Reve's research has concentrated on marketing channels, interorganizational relations, business strategy and industrial competitiveness. In his research, he has worked closely with such international scholars as Louis W. Stern, James G. March, Oliver E. Williamson and Michael E. Porter.
Torger Reve has published research articles in such journals as the Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, Academy of Management Review, Human Relations, Scandinavian Journal of Management, Journal of Business Research, Business Horizons, European Planning Studies, Journal of Strategy and management, Journal of Competitiveness and Strategy and many other journals. His award winning article (with professor Louis W. Stern) on "The political economy on marketing channels", Journal of Marketing (1980) has been published in Marketing Classics (1985).
Torger Reve has published 14 books covering such topics as industrial competitiveness, boards of directors, business strategy, strategic alliances, organization theory, project and international management. He has analyzed industries such as offshore oil and gas, shipping, banking, construction and retailing, and he has been a strategy consultant to boards and top management in many corporations. His most famous publications include a trilogy of three research books: A Competitive Norway (Et konkurransedyktig Norge), 1992, A Value-Creating Norway (Et verdisakpende Norge), 2002, and A Knowledge-Based Norway (Et kunnskapsbasert Norge), 2012, all based on large national research projects analyzing the competitiveness of Norwegian industries, extending the analysis of industrial clusters to global industrial knowledge hubs.
Torger Reve has managed several large research projects financed by various industries, ministries, Norwegian Research Council and the European Union. He has chaired 25 doctoral dissertations, mainly in the area of interorganizational relations, transaction cost analysis and strategy.
He has held several editorial positions and is a frequent participant in academic evaluations and accreditation committees.
The purpose of the paper is to uncover how related industrial variety influences firms’ sales growth through firms’ cash slack. The authors applied a causal steps approach and causal mediation analysis to a very large number of observations covering more than three-quarters of Norway’s municipalities. They found that cash slack had a mediation effect in the negative relationship between related variety and sales growth, and that the regression results were robust. They conclude that the results of the study expand both related variety studies by providing a theoretical microlevel foundation, and firm growth theory by showing that cash slack is a concrete mechanism connecting external industrial environment and firm growth.
The purpose of this paper is to study how changes in unrelated variety influence individuals’ poverty alleviation. Drawing on the LiTS III database, we employed the Oprobit model to test 5007 individual-level observations from 23 regions in four former Yugoslavian countries. All results imply that the changes in unrelated variety have a U-shaped relationship with individuals’ poverty alleviation. Our findings enrich the unrelated variety research by providing micro-level evidence and offer practical insights for governments, organizations and individuals aiming to reduce poverty.
The purpose of this paper is to study how related variety influences firm sales. We apply an instrumental variable method (as well as the most recent plausible instrumental variable method in robustness tests) to analyze more than 600,000 firm observations in all of Japan's 47 prefectures. We find that related variety, as a kind of regional industrial structure, has a U-shaped relationship with firm sales. This finding enriches the related variety perspective by supplementing micro-level evidence, revealing that the “related variety–firm sales” relationship is not linear, as most prior studies have suggested.
Purpose
This article analyses the role of cluster facilitators in the Singapore maritime cluster. Singapore has been recognised for its pro-business policies and its ability to attract international shipping companies to set up the ship ownership headquarters and ship management activities in Singapore.
Design/methodology/approach
The research is an empirical investigation on the approach for industrial cluster development of the Singapore maritime cluster, using the case study research methodology. The case study approach leverages on multiple sources of evidence from deep interviews (of 24 Singaporean firms and 13 Norwegian firms) related observations, documentation and archival records. As a means of contributing to the cluster renewal process, Singapore as the country embarks on the next stage of maritime cluster development, a benchmarking against the Norwegian Innovation Cluster has been incorporated.
Findings
The research findings reveals that Singapore is lacking in innovation activities that entails multi-firms collaborations and collaboration between multi-firms and research institutions. The existence of cluster organisation to facilitate collaborations between firms in the cluster and between firms in the cluster with research institutions is another contributing factor that are not institutionalised in the Singapore maritime cluster.
Research limitations/implications
Though the research is grounded primarily on the international business theory, particularly from firm- and country-specific advantages of location decisions, the economic geography theory and cluster theory also complement the theoretical grounding.
Practical implications
The findings derived from this research aim to facilitate policy makers, maritime leaders and practitioners to develop effective courses of action in current and future maritime industry development.
Originality/value
The research provides value to maritime industry stakeholders, maritime leaders and policy makers in their firm positioning strategy. Thus, the research adds values to the maritime industry with similar country perspectives and firm values for developing policies.
Purpose
Previous studies primarily focus on how to achieve better performance in the international markets, but few centers on whether internationalization is a promising strategy for new ventures’ growth and development. Based on two pioneering frameworks Conservative, Predictable, and Pacemaker (CPP) model and the 7-P model, this paper fills this gap by analyzing how exporting exert heterogeneous effects on two types of growth, sales growth and employment growth. Accordingly, this paper aims to favor market-oriented new ventures to make a strategy on expanding international markets.
Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on firm-level data from the Chinese Industrial Enterprises Database. The year 2005 was used as the shock year. By conducting the propensity score matching method, 793 couples of matched new ventures were collected with sales growth and 686 couples with employment growth. The difference-in-differences method was applied to analyze the various influences that exporting has on new ventures’ sales growth and employment growth.
Findings
The main finding of this paper is that new ventures that exported can achieve better sales growth than their counterparts that only operated domestically, whereas new ventures that remain in the domestic market have no difference in employment growth from those that exported.
Research limitations/implications
This study shows that exporting is especially beneficial for market-seeking new ventures. Because the study is based on Chinese data, scholars of international business can conduct further research on other countries with different economic structures.
Originality/value
Theoretically, this paper contributes to both international business theory and entrepreneurship theory by combining the CPP model and the 7-P model. Practically, this paper shows that exports mainly benefit the sales growth of new ventures. This suggests that business practitioners should consider their growth goals before they choose to enter the global market.
The present study involves a literature survey of 1710 entrepreneurship papers published in 28 top business and economics journals in 12 research disciplines. This paper finds that despite increased recognition of the importance of entrepreneurship, the research literature on entrepreneurship remains fragmented. Studies of entrepreneurship processes have been the dominant theme, but new issues of entrepreneurship are emerging. Based on the entrepreneurship reviewed, this paper summarizes potential research directions
Lu, Ren & Reve, Torger (2018)
A literature review of cluster theory: Are relations among clusters important?
As a part of the OECD project The Future of the Ocean Economy (OECD 2016), a report on the Future Prospects of Marine Aquaculture industry towards 2030 was developed to assess risks and uncertainties around future developments. This paper is based on the report and the respective authors were lead experts for the workshop and authors of the OECD report. Global demand for seafood is expected to continue to rise over the next decades, because of increased world population, growing purchasing power and more people entering the middle class. It is expected that most of the future growth in seafood production will be through aquaculture and that expansion in aquaculture production capacity will occur in the ocean, with some of it moving increasingly offshore to escape the constraints in coastal waters. The list of technical and non-technical challenges for further growth of the marine aquaculture sectors is diverse, including development of technology and operational practices for open ocean farming technology of both fed and non-fed species, technology for less labour-intensive farming operations for industrialisation of non-fed aquaculture, new omega 3 rich feed resources for fin fish farming, and development of international legal framework for ocean and marine activities.
Lu, Ren; Reve, Torger, Huang, Jing, Jian, Ze & Chen, Mei (2018)
A literature review of cluster theory: Are relations among clusters important?
Having reviewed 1259 papers on cluster theory, we find that current cluster studies primarily discussed cluster phenomena from either a microlevel or mesolevel. We argue that studying relations among clusters would increase our understanding of clusters, and such a research topic is worth becoming a new research orientation for cluster theory.
This paper reports extensive and longitudinal data on how a large campus project led to
strategic renewal in a university organization. The research team followed the project from
its start to its completion and had unlimited access to all archival project data. The success
factors were a strategic project perspective focusing on innovation, opportunities and strategic
decision involvement at top-management and board levels, and creating ownership
for implementation through flexible project organization and an extensive project participation
process.
Lu, Ren; Ruan, Min & Reve, Torger (2016)
Cluster and co-located cluster effects: An empirical study of six Chinese city regions
We study how industrial clusters in three different life phases both influence and moderate total factor productivity (TFP) of other co-located industries or clusters. A multilevel regression model is applied to panel data, 1993–2012, from the Pearl River Delta, China. Our empirical results show that emerging clusters have negative effects on other co-located industries’ or clusters’ TFP while mature clusters have positive effects. Emerging clusters positively moderate TFP, while mature clusters negatively moderate TFP of other co-located industries or clusters; declining clusters only have direct positive impact on TFP of other co-located industries or clusters.
Many papers on economic geography have analysed industrial clusters, but few have addressed the relations among clusters. This paper discusses three types of relations among clusters to better understand why they occur and the roles that human resources, capital, knowledge and markets play in such relations. It provides theoretical ideas, empirical illustrations and suggestions for future research on the relations among clusters in a globalized economy.
Reve, Torger & Sasson, Amir (2015)
Theoretical and methodological advances in cluster research
Purpose: The paper assesses the dissemination of cluster ideas advanced in the “Competitive Advantage of Nations” and three subsequent national studies and the reasons for their substantial public policy impact in Norway. Design/methodology/approach: The paper presents the theoretical and methodological novelties of each of the national studies, the inclusive study-organizing principle employed and public policy impact. Findings: The papers finds that the dissemination of cluster thinking and the development of a successful cluster-based industrial policy in Norway is largely a function of the nature and extent of the cluster research efforts that took place in Norway. The national cluster research projects mobilized all the key industrial and governmental actors in a very effective way making studies both rigor and relevant. Due to advanced and demanding policy makers, the studies also evolved in terms of the theoretical models and methodologies employed. Originality/value: The paper contributes by illuminating the direct and indirect impact of the “Competitive Advantage of Nations” on both academic endeavors and public policies in Norway and by explicating how studies that make it possible for academics and practitioners to work in tandem substantially affect public policy.
Reve, Torger (2015)
The Firm as a Nexus of Internal and External Contracts (Opprinnelig publisert i 1990, I: The firm as a Nexus of Treaties, Sage forlag)
, s. 243- 270.
Reve, Torger & Sasson, Amir (2015)
Complementing clusters: A competitiveness rationale for infrastructure investments
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a novel application of cluster theory and cluster methodology to evaluate large infrastructure investments. The complementing clusters approach, which builds on the notion of infrastructure as connecting isolated “economic islands”, is able to assess the potential for value creation effects of new infrastructure investment. Design/methodology/approach – The author uses simulation analysis based on a unique data set encompassing all employees and employers, as well as cluster mapping, for every pair of “economic islands” being connected by the examined infrastructure investments. The empirical setting is of large fjord crossings in Western Norway, the so-called E39 project. Findings – The empirical findings show that productivity gains are higher when an integrated labor market hosting complementary clusters is formed. Limitations remain regarding the economic integration path. Research limitations/implications – The authors provide an ex-ante analysis using information over the past 10 years. Following the expected infrastructure investments, future research should examine the extent to which productivity gains materialized and the reasons underlying the achieved materialization levels. Practical implications – Current evaluation of large infrastructure investments focuses on transportation economics effects, technical feasibility and environmental consequences. The authors complement this current practice by advancing a theoretically grounded value creation perspective that can affect future evaluation practices. Originality/value – Cluster complementarity-based evaluation is a novel methodology that is applicable to investment decisions which are central for economic development. Cluster analysis of infrastructure investments provides new and valuable data for making such investments decisions.
Lu, Ren; Zhang, Ruikan & Reve, Torger (2013)
Relations among Clusters in Six Chinese City Regions
Despite the considerable number of papers that have discussed industrial clusters, it is surprising that there is little research evidence on relations among clusters. This article collects longitudinal data on three low-tech and two high-tech industrial clusters in six cities in the dynamic Pearl River Delta of the People's Republic of China. The findings provide empirical support to both the Marshall–Arrow–Romer model, which argues for the importance of homogeneous (specialized) clusters and the Jacobs model, which argues for the importance of heterogeneous (diversified) clusters. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous clusters in the same region influence one another's cluster size and economic output.
Reve, Torger & Sasson, Amir (2012)
"Kunnskapsbasert næringslivsutvikling"
15(0112) , s. 16- 22.
Reve, Torger & Lu, Ren (2012)
"Relations among Clusters in Six Chinese City Regions"
Purpose — Understanding China’s economic success requires insights into its peculiar guanxi-based market. Many scholars are confused how to apply western network theories to the Chinese guanxi-based market. This paper contributes to this comprehensive topic by theoretically exploring the differences among three fundamental network concepts: (1) guanxi, (2) structural hole and (3) closure. Design/methodology/approach — Following Heide (1994), we categorize a network into three dimensions: (1) network initiation, (2) network maintenance and (3) network termination, based on different time phases. We compare the three fundamental network concepts in every dimension, laying out detailed similarities and dissimilarities among them. Findings — All three networks are initiated either naturally or artificially, but guanxi is closely embedded in the Chinese institutions. Unlike structural hole and closure, which can be applied at any level, guanxi is a special relation that only exists at the individual level. Structural hole and closure highlight networks’ structures which bring them various benefits and constrains. Such merits are not evident in guanxi in which favor exchange plays a crucial role in connecting entities. In addition, guanxi has a special rule to affect the strength of ties. Originality/value — The purpose of this paper is to articulate the differences among guanxi, structural hole, and closure. With our systematic framework, we offer a platform to scholars who are interested in applying the western network theory to guanxi-based market, and our work also provides non-Chinese who are doing business in China with new insights.
Reve, Torger (2011)
"From Industrial Clusters to Global Knowledge Hubs"
1(1) , s. 63- 76.
John, George & Reve, Torger (2010)
Transaction Cost Analysis in Marketing: Looking Back, Moving Forward
Norsk næringspolitikk: Næringsnøytralitet eller klyngepolitikk?
, s. 197- 214.
Reve, Torger (2007)
15 år med klyngestudier - hva har vi lært?
, s. 43- 68.
Reve, Torger (2004)
Konkurranse i høyere utdanning
, s. 124- 139.
Reve, Torger & Roland, Kjell (2003)
Høsting eller kompetansebasert vekst
, s. 9- 36.
Reve, Torger & Roland, Kjell (2003)
Energi Norges fremtid. Høsting eller kompetansebasert vekst?
Buvik, Arnt & Reve, Torger (2002)
Inter-firm governance and structural power in industrial relationships: the moderating effect of bargaining power on the contractual safeguarding of specific assets
In the basic model of transaction cost analysis (TCA), neither market power nor power based on resource-dependence plays a significant role. In this article, we extend the TCA-perspective by combining resource-dependence theory (RDT) and TCA, and examine whether the buyer's bargaining power influences the alignment of the contractual safeguarding of buyer-specific and supplier-specific investments. Data from a survey of 160 industrial purchasing relationships provide empirical support for our theoretical predictions. The empirical findings demonstrate that the buyer's bargaining power does interfere with the safeguarding of relations-specific assets. As the buyer's relative bargaining power increases, the safeguarding of buyer-specific assets is substantially reinforced. On the other hand, the contractual protection of supplier-specific assets is significantly relaxed as the buyer's bargaining power grows. Our findings indicate that there is a tension between the alignment of contractual safeguarding arrangements and structural power in inter-firm business, and that resource-dependence considerations offer an important complement to TCA when we consider the transacting parties' ability to provide contractual safeguards for assets at risk. Further, the findings indicate that the establishment of relational ties in long-term relationships is an important antecendent to governance structure. The empirical findings demonstrate that the longer a business-to-business relationship lasts, the more the contractual governance is relaxed.
Buvik, Arnt & Reve, Torger (2001)
Asymmetrical deployment of specific assets and contractual safeguarding in industrial purchasing relationships
The marketing literature based on transaction cost analysis (TCA) has only scantily explored whether the identity of the party (i.e. the buyer or the supplier) that employs specific assets is of importance in instances when alignments of contractual safeguards of specific assets occur in buyer-supplier relationships. Imbalanced deployment of specific assets highlights the problem of asymmetrical dependence in purchasing relationships. This article draws heavily on TCA and related works in marketing in an attempt to analyze and compare interfirm dependence, exposure to opportunism, and formalization of purchase contracting (FORM) across channel dyads where the buyer and the supplier respectively carry out relation-specific investments. In particularan investigation of 161 industrial purchasing relationships demonstrated that the level of formalized purchase contracting was significantly greater when the supplier unilaterally deployed specific assets in a relationship as opposed to situations where mainly the buyer employed assets at risk. This and other findings clarify the issue of asymmetrical dependence structures in industrial marketing relationships.
Jakobsen, Erik w.; Goldeng, Eskil le Bruyn & Reve, Torger (2001)
Eierskapets betydning for verdiskapingen
, s. 147- 171.
Jakobsen, Erik w.; Goldeng, Eskil le Bruyn & Reve, Torger (2001)
Eierskap - spiller det noen rolle?
, s. 120- 146.
Roland, Kjell; Norman, Victor & Reve, Torger (2001)
Rikdommens problem : oljeformue, eierskap og fremtidens pensjoner
Reve, Torger (1999)
"En duft av kvinner". Tanker om ledelse og næringsliv i det 21. århundre
Reve, Torger; Glimstedt, Henrik & Lange, Even (1998)
Internasjonaliseringsstrategi i inorsk næringsliv
Sørensen, Henrik B. & Reve, Torger (1998)
Forming Strategic Alliances for Asset Development
14(3) , s. 151- 165.
En toppartikkel om debatten om etablering av et universitet i Stavan ger Sammendrag
Mörch, Nils-Henrik von der; Norman, Victor D., Reve, Torger & Ryssel, Anders Chr. Stray (1998)
Incitamentsorientert konkurranseanalyse
2, s. 2- 11.
Grønhaug, Kjell; Haugland, Sven A., Haugland, Sven A., Reve, Torger & Reve, Torger (1998)
Små og mellomstore bedrifters internasjonalisering: Sammenheng mellom ressurser, strategi og resultat
1(4) , s. 32- 41.
Stokke, Per Rudolf & Reve, Torger (1996)
Strategisk analyse: Grunnlaget for praktisk strategiutvikling
Reve, Torger (1996)
Eierskap og kapital som konkurransefaktor
Reve, Torger (1994)
Toward an Integrative Model of Strategy Development: From dynamnic clusters to core competencies
Reve, Torger & Haugland, Sven A. (1993)
Relational Contracting and Distribution Channel Cohesion
2(3) , s. 27- 60.
Reve, Torger (1992)
Horizontal and Veerticql Alliances in Industrial Marketing Channels
Reve, Torger & Kalleberg, Arne L. (1992)
The Organization of Employment relations: Integrating Sociological and Economic Approaches
8(4) , s. 301- 319.
Reve, Torger & Kalleberg, Arne L. (1991)
"Contracts and Commitment: Economic and Sociological Perspectives on Employment Relations"
46(9) , s. 1103- 1132.
Reve, Torger & Stern, Louis W. (1991)
Distribution Channels as Political Economies: A Framework for Comparative Analysis
Reve, Torger & Langård, Sverre (1991)
Gjennomføring av forebyggende helsearbeid i fylkene
111(N-12) , s. 1517- 1520.
Reve, Torger (1990)
The Firm as a Nexus of Internal and External Contracts
Reve, Torger & Bloom, Paul N. (1990)
Transmitting Signqals to Consumers for Competitive Advantage
33(4) , s. 58- 66.
Reve, Torger (1988)
Entrepreneurship and strategic management: Synergy or antagony?
Reve, Torger & Stern, Louis W. (1986)
The Relationship Between Interoganizational Form, Transaction Climate, and Ecionomic Performance in Vertical Intgerfirm Dyads
Reve, Torger (1986)
Organization for Distribution
Reve, Torger & Stern, Louis W. (1985)
The Political Economy Framework fo Interorganizational Relations, Revisited
Reve, Torger & Levitt, Raymond E. (1984)
Organization and Governance in Construction
2, s. 17- 24.
Reve, Torger & Ulset, Svein (1983)
Veiledning og ressurssvakhet i foretakssektoren
24, s. 537- 564.
Reve, Torger; Stern, Louis W. & Achrol, Ravi Singh (1983)
"The Environment of Marketing Channel Dyads: A Framework for Comparative Analysis"
47, s. 55- 67.
Reve, Torger & John, George (1982)
The Reliability and Validity of Key Informant Data from Dyadic Relationships in Marketing Channels
19, s. 395- 415.
Reve, Torger (1982)
Distribution Channels as Political Economies
Reve, Torger & Johansen, Egil (1982)
Organizational Buying in the Offshore Oil Industry
11, s. 275- 282.
Reve, Torger & John, George (1982)
"The Reliability and Validity of Key Informant Data from Dyadic Relationships in Marketing Dyads"
19, s. 392- 415.
Reve, Torger & Stern, Louis W. (1980)
"Distribution Channels as Political Economies: A Framework for Comparative Analysis"
43, s. 52- 64.
Reve, Torger & Stern, Louis W. (1979)
"Interorganizational Relations in Vertical Marketing Systems"
4, s. 405- 416.
Reve, Torger (1974)
Management Training through Partly Autonomous Study Groups
3(2) , s. 130- 140.
Reve, Torger (2015)
Så effektive blir veiene
[Kronikk]
Reve, Torger (2014)
Innovasjon
[Kronikk]
Reve, Torger (2013)
Et kunnskapsbasert Norge
[Kronikk]
Reve, Torger & Ottersen, Ole Petter (2012)
"Klar for en ny revolusjon"
[Kronikk]
Reve, Torger (2011)
"Kinas vei til rikdom"
[Kronikk]
Reve, Torger (2011)
"Mye å gå på i byggvarehandel"
[Kronikk]
Tveterås, Ragnar; Hovland, Mads, Reve, Torger, Misund, Bård, Nystøyl, Ragnar, Bjelland, Hans Vanhauwaert, Misund, Andreas Ugelvik & Fjelldal, Øystein Martin (2020)
Verdiskapingspotensiale og veikart for havbruk til havs: Kort rapport
[Report Research].
Tveterås, Ragnar; Hovland, Mads, Reve, Torger, Misund, Bård, Nystøyl, Ragnar, Bjelland, Hans Vanhauwaert, Misund, Andreas Ugelvik & Fjelldal, Øystein Martin (2020)
Verdiskapingspotensiale og veikart for havbruk til havs: Hovedrapport
[Report Research].
Tveterås, Ragnar & Reve, Torger (2020)
Verdiskapingspotensial og veikart for havbruk til havs
En verdiskapende bygg-, anlegg- og eiendomsnæring (BAE): Oppdatering 2019
[Report Research].
Handelshøyskolen BIs Senter for byggenæringen har siden 2007 gjennomført en serie verdiskapingsstudier av den norske bygg-, anlegg- og eiendomsnæringen (BAE), og sett på hvilken betydning denne næringen har for norsk økonomi og samfunnsliv (se, Espelien og Reve, 2007; 2009; Bygballe og Goldeng, 2011; Goldeng og Bygballe, 2013; Espelien et al. 2015). Denne rapporten presenterer resultater fra den siste oppdateringen, som er basert på regnskapsdata fra Brønnøysundregisteret til og med 2018, kombinert med Menons bedriftspopulasjon for BAE-næringen.
Fredheim, Arne & Reve, Torger (2018)
Future Prospects of Marine Aquaculture
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2017)
"Arbeidsplassene skapes i de nye vekstbedriftene: Sluttrapport fra MIT REAP South West Norway prosjektet"
"Multi-cluster effects on TFP of firms: An empirical study ig Chinese firms"
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Ramsøy, Ole Jakob; Reve, Torger & Nordkvelde, Marius (2016)
Offshorerederiene: Konsolidering eller konkurs
[Report Research].
Offshore rederiene har i en årrekke tatt på seg for høy gjeld i et forsøk på å holde tritt med den vedvarende økende etterspørselen på norsk sokkel. Samtidig oppstod en slags «ettbenthet» i næringen der nesten alt fokus var lagt på offshore olje og gass næringen der marginene og inntjeningen var størst. Innovasjonene som ble lansert, var banebrytende, og de norske offshore rederiene på Vestlandet var verdensledende teknologisk og operasjonelt, med den mest komplette klyngen i verden. Da oljeprisen falt kraftig i 2014, fulgte inntjeningen til rederiene med ned, da de ikke hadde flere ben å stå på. Samtidig beholdt de den skyhøye gjeldsgraden. Dette har skapt krisen de i dag befinner seg i. Offshorerederiene og de andre aktørene i maritim-offshore klyngen er i dag nødt til å omstille seg for å videreutvikle klyngen på Vestlandet. I motsatt fall står den maritime klyngen på Sunnmøre i fare for å degenerere. Et slikt senario vil være ytterst dramatisk for hele Vestlandet. De maritime aktørene på Vestlandet er nødt til å diversifisere gjennom et større fokus på flere havnæringer, her eksemplifisert gjennom de fremvoksende sjømat og offshore vind. Klyngen har vært tjent med en nær kontakt i alle ledd i klyngen, rederne kjenner verftene, skipsdesignerne, utstyrsprodusentene, serviceleverandørene og resten av klyngen. Prosjektet «Offshorerederiene: Konsolidering eller konkurs» er gjennomført på vegne av GCE Blue Maritime, med Professor Torger Reve som Forskningsleder, Marius Nordkvelde som prosjektleder og Ole Jakob Ramsøy som prosjektkoordinator og analytiker.
Reve, Torger & Nordkvelde, Marius (2016)
The oil price challenge: Strategic response of the Norwegian offshore industry
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger; Nordkvelde, Marius & Ramsøy, Ole Jakob (2016)
The Norwegian Offshore Supply Industrty: Consolidation or Bankruptcy
[Report Research].
Ramsøy, Ole Jakob; Reve, Torger & Nordkvelde, Marius (2016)
The oil price challenges: Strategic responses of the Norwegian offshore industry
[Report Research].
The underlying idea of this research project is to analyze strategic responses of the Norwegian offshore oil and gas supplier industry to the 2014 oil price crisis and set recommendations for moving forward. Through interviews with industry leaders, we pay special attention to industry responses across different segments of the value chain and compare company strategies and actions. The research study is a continuation of the previous work conducted by Torger Reve’s research team at BI Norwegian Business School focusing more on strategic development processes in the Norwegian offshore industry amid the current oil price challenges.
Reve, Torger & Nordkvelde, Marius (2016)
Et kunnskapsbasert Norgen 2.0
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger & Sølvell, Ørjan (2016)
The Nordics: Partners in Innovation?
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger (2015)
Nå starter ombyggingen av kysten
[Professional Article].
Reve, Torger (2015)
Innovative Nordics
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Regional utvikling
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Diaconal institutions - between markets and charity
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Global Maritiem Knowledge Hub
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Kommentarartikler Maritime Offshore
[Popular Science Article].
Reve, Torger (2015)
Asia er ingen trussel mot Norge
[Professional Article].
Reve, Torger (2015)
Strategier for utvikling av bioøkonomien
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
ASEAN
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Å leve av finans
[Professional Article].
Reve, Torger (2015)
Infrastruktur som verdiskaper
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Verdiskapingseffekter av E39
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Hvoran gjøre Oslo til et finanssenter i Norden
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Competitive strategies in the Ocean industries
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Innovasjon for omstilling
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Har vi satset for tungt på olje og offshore her vest?
[Professional Article].
Reve, Torger (2015)
Utvikling av regional konkurransekraft
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Maritim omstilling
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Oljekuttene vil drive frem et teknologiskifte
[Professional Article].
Reve, Torger (2015)
Slik skal vi få til radikal omstilling i en ny region
[Professional Article].
Reve, Torger; Nordkvelde, Marius & Alexandru, Robert (2015)
"Finans - en vekstnæring"
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger (2015)
Foreign multinationals in Norway
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Fremetidens industri
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Future prospects in offshoe aquaculture
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Concuring the ocean industries
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Strategies for competing in the ocean industires: Lessons for Norway and Vietnam
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2015)
Kunnskapsbasert omstilling
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2014)
"Developing the offshore oil and gas industry into a global knowledge hub"
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger & Sasson, Amir (2014)
"Complementing Clusters: A competitiveness Rationale for Infrastructural Investments"
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger; Zhovtobryukh, Yuriy & Nordkvelde, Marius (2014)
"Innovation performance of the Norwegian Offshore Industry"
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger (2014)
"Building industrial competitiveness through global knowledge hubs: The case of Norway"
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger; Nordkvelde, Marius & Gowda, Karthik G. (2014)
"Utenlandske multinasjonale selskaper i Norge
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger (2014)
"A cross-sectoral perspective on ocean activities and externalities"
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger & Zhovtobryukh, Yuriy (2014)
"The role of technology and origin in M&A performance"
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Diachenko, Anton & Reve, Torger (2014)
Institutional owners and organizational performance: the moderating effect of industry’s informational transparency
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger; Sasson, Amir & Nordkvelde, Marius (2014)
"Ferjefri E39: Næringsøkonomiske gevinster ved fjordkryssing"
[Report Research].
Rapporten ser nærmere på næringseffektene av utbyggingen av en ny E39 over Boknafjorden (Rogfast) mellom Stavanger og Haugesund området, over Bjørnafjorden mellom Stord og Bergen området, over Sognefjorden mellom Oppedal og Lavik, Hundvikfjorden mellom Anda og Lote, Faleidfjorden mellom Stryn og Svarstad (Stryn nord), Storfjord mellom Festøya og Solavågen eller Hareid og Sula, Moldefjorden mellom Vestnes og Molde og Halsafjorden mellom Kanestraum og Halsa. Rapporten har også evaluert de to mulighetene til å krysse Bjørnafjorden, i midten (direkte rute) eller en mer landbasert vei til øst for fjorden og de to mulighetene i Sogn og Fjordane, vest gjennom Lote and øst gjennom Stryn og over Strynefjellet. Rapporten bruker eksisterende region- og agglomerasjonsteori samt klyngeteori til å sannsynliggjøre for lokale arbeidsmarkedsgevinster ved sammenslåing av ulike arbeidsmarkeder som i dag ikke er integrert, men som sannsynligvis ville vært i større grad integrerte arbeidsmarkeder, om det ikke hadde vært for manglende infrastruktur. Rapporten er en videreføring av rapporten Ferjefri E39 Næringsliv og verdiskaping (Nordkvelde og Reve 2013) og inngår i det større forskningsprosjektet Ferjefri E39 - næringsliv og verdiskaping.
Reve, Torger (2014)
A knowledge-based High North: Competing globally in the ocean industries"
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2014)
"Industrial competitiveness in the maritime and offshore oil industries"
[Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger & Nordkvelde, Marius (2014)
"Norge som kapitalforvaltningsnasjon: Statens pensjonsfond utland under lupen"
[Popular Science Article]. 3
Reve, Torger; Nordkvelde, Marius & Zhovtobryukh, Yuriy (2014)
"BioValue: Life Cycle and Financing Structure Mapping"
Monbiot, George; Bakan, Joel, Reve, Torger, Taylor, Caroline & Midttun, Atle (red.). Debating CSR, democracy and value creation
Kolltveit, Bjørn Johs.; Reve, Torger & Lereim, Jon (2012)
Prosjekt: Strategi, organisering, ledelse og gjennomføring
[Textbook].
Harket, Håkon & Reve, Torger (2012)
"Gi, så skal dere få!"
[Popular Science Article]. (1) , s. 14- 19.
Reve, Torger (2012)
"Et kunnskapsbasert Norge: Resultater og politikk"
[Popular Science Article]. 35(1) , s. 18- 20.
Reve, Torger & Dyrkoren, Erik (2012)
Maritim innovasjon for det 21. århundre
[Popular Science Article]. 115(116)
Reve, Torger (2012)
"Et kunnskapsbasert Norge"
[Popular Science Article]. , s. 62- 68.
Reve, Torger & Sasson, Amir (2012)
"Competitiveness as Industrial Attractiveness: Operationalizing the Emerald Model"
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger & Sasson, Amir (2012)
Kunnskapsbasert Næringslivsutvikling
[Popular Science Article]. 15, s. 16- 22.
Reve, Torger (2011)
"Comments on some selected articles of Philip Kotler"
Reve, Torger (red.). "Comments on some selected articles of Philip Kotler"
Reve, Torger (2011)
"The Norwegian Oil and Gas Industry: A Global Knowledge Hub"
[Popular Science Article]. 2
Reve, Torger & Nordkvelde, Marius (2010)
"Case study - the global maritime knowledge hub"
[Report Research].
MARINTEK is currently conducting a pilot project to develop a new maritime knowledge center, World Ocean Space Center, as part of the vision project "The Third Wave”. Based on this project, MARINTEK (Trondheim) has asked BI Norwegian School of Management to conduct this case study. The case study is a follow-up to the research report, “Norway - a global maritime knowledge hub” (Reve 2009). Marius Nordkvelde, BI Norwegian School of Management has been responsible for data collection, interviews and case study write ups. Herman Ness and Nicolai Alexander Kirkeng, BI Norwegian School of Management have made significant contributions to the following case studies in the form of write ups and interviews: DNV, Hywind, Ulstein Group, Sway, Fugro OCEANOR and Kongsberg Maritime. Torger Reve has provided the theoretical and methodological framework of the study. The case study has been conducted as part of the large national research project, “A Knowledge- Based Norway” at BI Norwegian School of Management, led by professor Torger Reve.
Reve, Torger (2010)
"Næringsklynger og kunskapshubber"
[Popular Science Article].
Reve, Torger (2010)
Næringsklynger og kunnskapshubber
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger (2010)
Case study - the global maritime knowledge hub
[Report Research].
Bygballe, Lena Elisabeth; Reve, Torger & Nielsen, Rikke Beck (2009)
Når nedgangen rammer. En studie av omstillingsstrategier i den norske byggenæringen i kriseåret 2009
[Report Research].
I forskningsrapporten ”Når nedgangen rammer” presenteres resultatene fra en studie av hvordan norske byggebedrifter har håndtert overgangen fra sterk vekst til nedgang, som følge av finanskrisen og fallet i etterspørselen fra høsten 2008. Intervjuer med toppledere i 23 byggebedrifter ble gjennomført fra desember 2008 til august 2009. Intervjuene fokuserte på hvordan bedriftene hadde opplevd nedgangen, hvilke strategier de hadde benyttet for å håndtere kravet til omstilling og hvilke konsekvenser dette fikk for organisasjonen. Resultatene viser at bedriftene omstiller seg gjennom ulike tiltak, som vi har valgt å kalle byggebedriftenes omstillingssirkel. Et fall i etterspørsel fører til økt konkurranse og prispress. Det mest interessante funnet i studien er at bedriftene har vært bevisste på å verne om kjernekompetansen i omstillingsprosessen. Nedskalering gjennom oppsigelser og permitteringer er blitt nøye vurdert. Innleide og ansatte uten kjernekompetanse er de første som er blitt sagt opp. Dette skiller seg fra tidligere, der byggebedriftene tradisjonelt har opp- og nedbemannet automatisk etter behov. Funnet tyder på at byggenæringen går i retning av å bli en mer kompetansebasert næring. Omstillingen til nedgang kan derfor sies å ha flere positive konsekvenser. For det første får man gjort driften mer effektiv. Videre har man fått en større bevissthet rundt kompetanseaspektet, og at dette er viktig for langsiktig konkurransedyktighet.
Reve, Torger (2009)
Fra næringsklynge til kunnskapsnav
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger (2009)
"Norway - a global maritime knowledge hub"
[Report Research].
Knowledge based industrial development takes place in Global Knowledge Hubs or superclusters characterized by a high concentration of innovative industrial actors interacting closely with advanced research institutions, venture capital and competent ownership. The extreme example of a global knowledge hub is the biotech and life science industry in Boston. The greater Boston area has a higher concentration of advanced universities, research labs and specialized biotech firms, than anywhere else in the world. Thus Boston has taken the global leadership position in the high growth biotech industries by capitalizing on their knowledge resources. In this report, the global knowledge hub model is applied to the Norwegian maritime industry. The Norwegian maritime and offshore industry is characterized by a high number of global actors operating out of Norway, forming subclusters in shipping, technological and commercial maritime services, specialized ship building and ship equipment, energy and offshore industry, maritime and subsea operations. Norway has build a strong global maritime knowledge base, extending from fisheries and governance of marine resources, to shipping, maritime operations, and offshore oil and gas, especially when it comes to deep and arctic waters. Norway combines the knowledge and technology targeting the marine, maritime and energy industries. For sustaining such a global knowledge position in the maritime areas, Norway needs to develop specialized knowledge infrastructure to attract talent and technology on a global basis. The plans for establishing a new Ocean Space Center at Marintek and NTNU in Trondheim should be understood and analyzed in these terms. The ambition is to create a global knowledge center for Ocean Space Technology, covering a large range of ocean space challenges of the future, including the high priority arctic and climate challenges.
Espelien, Anne & Reve, Torger (2009)
Bygg-, anlegg- og eiendomsnæringens betydning for Norge - vekst og lønnsomhet (1998-2007)
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger & Espelien, Anne (2009)
Bygg- anlegg- og eiendomsnæringens betydning for Norge - vekst og lønnsomhet (1998 - 2007)
[Report Research].
Rapporten er en oppdatering av regnskapstallene fra BI prosjektet ”En verdiskapende bygg-, anlegg- og eiendomsnæring” (Espelien og Reve, 2007). Målsetningen til hovedprosjektet var å bidra til en økt forståelse for betydningen denne næringen har for norsk økonomi, både sentralt og lokalt. BI rapporten fra 2007 beskriver bygg-, anlegg- og eiendomsnæringen ut fra et klyngeperspektiv basert på analyse av regnskapsdata i perioden fra 1996-2005 og en større spørreundersøkelse av 573 ledere i næringen. I likhet med prosjektet fra 2007, er oppdateringen gjennomført på oppdrag fra Senter for byggenæringen ved Handelshøyskolen BI. Oppdateringen gjelder analyse av regnskapsdata fra 2006 og 2007. Spørreundersøkelsen fra 2007 er ikke oppdatert.
Denne rapporten fra IRIS er utarbeidet til Vestlandskonferansen 2008. Rapporten ser på hvilke forutsetninger Vestlandet har som miljøvennlig energiprodusent, hva som er status i dag og hvilke muligheter regionen har fremover. Intensjonen er at rapporten skal stimulere til videre engasjement på dette viktige området. Innenfor rammen av prosjektet tar vi for oss et utvalg av problemstillinger som vi vurderer som sentrale. Tidshorisonten for utsiktene er 2020.
Reve, Torger (2008)
From industrial clusters to global knowlegde hubs
[Report Research].
Espelien, Anne & Reve, Torger (2007)
Hva skal vi leve av i fremtiden? En verdiskapende bygg-, anlegg- og eiendomsnæring
[Report Research].
Forskningsrapporten ”En verdiskapende bygg, anlegg og eiendomsnæring” gir en omfattende analyse av den norske BAE-næring, basert på komplette regnskapsdata for perioden 1996 – 2005, samt en spørreskjemaundersøkelse gjennomført våren 2007 til et utvalg bedrifter (n = 573) fra byggenæringen. Studien tar utgangspunkt i teori om dynamiske næringsklynger, og næringen defineres som byggenæringens verdikjede, fra produksjon av byggevarer, byggvarehandel, arkitekter og rådgivende ingeniører, utførende bygg og anlegg, utleie av maskiner og personell, eiendom – service og eiendom – finans. De to tyngste delene av BAE-næringen er utførende bygg og anlegg, samt eiendom. De to delene henger verdiskapingsmessig nøye sammen.
Reve, Torger & Goldeng, Eskil le Bruyn (2007)
Using digital media to facilitate learning
[Lecture]. Event
Grønhaug, Kjell; Haugland, Sven A., Haugland, Sven A., Reve, Torger & Reve, Torger (2002)
Governance Models in International Business-to-business Relationships
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Kolltveit, Bjørn Johs. & Reve, Torger (2002)
Prosjekt: Organisering, ledelse og gjennomføring
[Textbook].
Haugland, Sven A.; Haugland, Sven A., Reve, Torger & Reve, Torger (2002)
Developing partnerships and alliances for growth and innovation
Best i test? Referansetesting av rammevilkår for verdiskaping i næringslivet
[Report Research].
Haugland, Sven A.; Haugland, Sven A., Reve, Torger & Reve, Torger (2001)
Governance of International Partnerships: A Contract Perspective
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger; Perreault, P. & Bunn, Michele D. (2000)
Long-term Contracts and Competitive Building in Industrial Markets
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Reve, Torger (2000)
The financial services industry - An industry in the interneet based melting pot
[Popular Science Article]. , s. 26- 28.
Haugland, Sven A.; Haugland, Sven A., Grønhaug, Kjell, Reve, Torger & Reve, Torger (1999)
Governance Modes in International Buyer-Seller Relationships
[Report Research].
Buvik, Arnt & Reve, Torger (1998)
Asymmetrical deployment of specific assets and contractual safeguarding in industrial purchasing relationships
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger; Grønhaug, Kjell & Haugland, Sven A. (1998)
Små og mellomstore bedrifters internasjonalisering
[Popular Science Article]. 1(4) , s. 32- 41.
Kolltveit, Bjørn J. & Reve, Torger (1998)
Prosjekt - organisering, ledelse og gjennomføring
[Textbook].
Sørensen, Henrik B. & Reve, Torger (1998)
Forming Strategic Alliances for Asset Development
[Report Research].
Grønhaug, Kjell; Haugland, Sven A., Haugland, Sven A., Reve, Torger & Reve, Torger (1998)
Competition and governance of distribution channel relations in international markets
[Conference Lecture]. Event
Norman, Victor D.; Fehr, Nils-Henrik Mørch vo, Reve, Torger, Reve, Torger & Ryssdal, Anders C. Stray (1998)
Ikke for å vinne? Analyse av konkurranseforhold og konkurransepolitikk. Rapport fra en ekspertgruppe nedsatt av Konkurransetilsynet
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger & Walderhaug, Klaus (1997)
SND - Bank eller næringsutvikler?
[Popular Science Article]. 9(1) , s. 3- 5.
Reve, Torger & Buvik, Arnt (1997)
Does structural power effect safeguarding of specific assets in industrial buyer-seller relationships?
[Report Research].
Neither market power nor resource-dependency based power does play a significant role in the basic model of transaction cost economics (TCE). In this article the authors extend the transaction cost economics perspective by combining resource-dependency theory (RDT) and TCE, and analyze whether power-dependency structures influence investor's ability to safeguard own specific assets. Data from a survey of 180 industrial purchasing relationships give empirical support to their theoretical predictions. Their empirical findings indicate that both buyer and supplier deploying specific assets in a relationship get less contractual protection of their assets at risk as the dependency of their trading partner increases.
Reve, Torger (1997)
Har Norge noen varige konkurransefortrinn?
[Popular Science Article]. 13(3)
Reve, Torger (1996)
Ulike internasjonaliseringsstrategier
[Popular Science Article]. 1(1) , s. 47- 62.
Buvik, Arnt & Reve, Torger (1996)
Allocation of specific assets and vertical coordination in industrial purchasing relationships
[Report Research].
Reve, Torger; Stokke, Per R & Sævereid, Kjell H (1996)
Strategier for bedriftsmessig restrukturering
[Popular Science Article]. 12(1) , s. 103- 111.
Reve, Torger & Nesheim, Torstein (1996)
Business networks and cooperation
[Popular Science Article]. , s. 54- 59.
Reve, Torger (1996)
Næringsklynger og næringspolitikk
[Popular Science Article]. 50(5) , s. 16- 20.
Reve, Torger & Nesheim, Torstein (1995)
Networks - The Norwegian Way
[Popular Science Article]. 3, s. 10- 12.
Reve, Torger (1995)
Kapital og eierskap som konkurransefaktor
[Popular Science Article]. , s. 28- 41.
Reve, Torger & Stokke, Per R (1995)
Applied competitive strategy analysis in knowledge engineering and information processing
[Popular Science Article]. 9(1) , s. 4- 11.
Reve, Torger; Stokke, Per R & Lunnan, Randi (1995)
Retningslinjer for anvendt strategisk analyse
[Popular Science Article]. 11(3) , s. 131- 140.
Reve, Torger (1994)
European Industrial Competitiveness
[Popular Science Article]. , s. 38- 42.
Reve, Torger & Selnes, Fred (1994)
Relasjonsmarkedsføring: Keiserens nye klær?
[Popular Science Article]. 10(2) , s. 61- 72.
Reve, Torger (1993)
Et konkurransedyktig Norge: Hva har vi lært?
[Popular Science Article]. 5(1)
Reve, Torger & Stokke, Per R (1993)
Grunnleggende konsepter for konsernstrategi
[Popular Science Article]. 9(4) , s. 5- 16.
Reve, Torger (1993)
Et konkurrqansedyktig Norge: Presentasjon av resultater
[Popular Science Article]. 9(1) , s. 13- 24.
Reve, Torger (1993)
Et konkurransedyktig Norge: Presentasjon av resultater
