Tore Bråthen
Professor Emeritus
Department of Law and Governance
Professor Emeritus
Department of Law and Governance
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2025)
Review article Tore Kristian Bråthen, Stine Winger Minde (2024)
The article discusses the Norwegian judicial framework for the work by boards of limited liability companies with sustainability. Sustainability regulation is no longer a result of more or less targeted political initiatives, it largely presents as a coherent system of rules and it has in many ways indisputably been integrated into the field of company law in Norway. The starting point for the analysis is that the boards of Norwegian limited liability companies and public limited liability companies are expected to create value for their owners, but they are also expected to do this in a sustainable manner. Therefore, we firstly give a description of the ‘company interest’ and its central elements. The article seeks among other things to demonstrate the trade-off between profit seeking and the board’s right and duty to integrate sustainability in the management of the company. The board’s work on sustainability in limited liability companies and public limited liability companies must be carried out within the framework stipulated by company law and other legislation, the company’s articles of associa- tion, and the company’s other governing bodies. Neither the Limited Liability Companies Act nor the Public Limited Liability Companies Act includes any specific statutory regulation of sustainability. A starting point is, therefore, that the company law framework for the board’s work on sustainability is constituted by the general rules in the Com- panies Acts on the board’s right and duty to manage the company in accordance with the company interest. Nor- wegian company law is stakeholder-oriented and takes into account both shareholder interests and stakeholder interests. Company interest includes the interests of shareholders, employees, counterparties, creditors and society as a whole. As pointed out in the article, these interests include what can be described as ‘sustainability considerations’. The boards of limited liability companies and public limited liability companies must exercise their management of the company within the statutory framework. This framework also includes mandatory legislation other than the Companies Acts, for example the legislation dealing with sustainability matters. For public limited companies listed on the stock exchange, the Norwegian Code of Practice for Corporate Governance includes a specific expectation that the board must integrate sustainability into its governance of the company’s business activities. Another important question is to what extent the board can attach importance to sustainability considerations. It is a prerequisite for companies to be able to consider environmental and social considerations that they are financially sustainable. How- ever, it is conceivable that the profit motive can come into conflict with social and environmental considerations. The article discusses the balance between the profit motive and social and environmental considerations. One question deals with the board’s ability to attach weight to sustainability in the light of the company’s advertising and reputa- tion values (‘goodwill’). The article discusses also the relationship between sustainability and the company’s ability to make gifts.
Chapter Tore Kristian Bråthen (2024)
Article Tore Kristian Bråthen (2023)
Article Tore Bråthen, Stine Winger Minde (2022)
This article discusses the Norwegian judicial framework for the Board’s work with sustainability. Sustainability regulation is no longer a result of more or less targeted political initiatives, it largely presents as a coherent system of rules. The starting point for the analysis is the general principles in the LLC (Limited Liability Companies) Act on the Board’s duty to manage the company. We therefore firstly give a description of the "company interest" and its central elements. The article seeks among other things to demonstrate the trade-off between profit seeking and the Board’s right and duty to integrate sustainability in the management of the company. Furthermore, the article discusses how central milestones, such as the EU taxonomy, accounting and reporting regulation, the Transparency Act, and the EU Commission’s proposal for a Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD), impact the Board’s sustainability work. Several of these rules are characterised by strict requirements applicable to a relatively small number of companies. These companies, however, will, in order to meet these requirements, often have to place demands on their contractual parties. The legal framework will thus have important ramifications for a larger number of companies and the Board’s work in these companies. A lack of knowledge about sustainability may have substantial legal and economic consequences.
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2021)
Academic book Tore Bråthen, Eivind Furuseth, Anders Mikelsen (2020)
Chapter Tore Bråthen, Roy K Kristensen (2020)
Article Tore Bråthen (2020)
The Norwegian regulation of Related Parties Transactions (RPT) has been developed through a total of five phases. The development startet with the EEA-adaption of the former Limited Liability Act of 1976 in 1995. Originally, a rule on «Nachgrundung» in public limited companies was enacted. The General Assembley had to approve specified agreements for them to be valid. The statutory provision largely coincided with the requirements of the EU’s Second Company Law Directive. With The Limited Companies Acts of 1997 the rule was significantly extended to include agreements on both limited companies’ and public limited companies’ acquisitions from shareholders as well as from natural and legal persons treated as shareholders. The provisions made exceptions for, amongst others, commercial agreements. Later the provision was extended to cover all types of agreements (acquisitions as well as disposals, etc.) with an expanding circle of natural and legal persons. Attempts were made to precisely define the exception for commercial agreements and additional exceptions were introduced. By amendments in 2019, the Public Limited Companies Act was adapted to the requirements of SRD II. For limited liability companies and for non-listed public limited companies substantial amendments were enacted. The number of agreements that should apply with the procedural rules was in reality significantly reduced, attempts were made to further specify the exception for commercial agreements, the necessary resolutions shall be made by the Board of Directors and not any longer by the General Assembley, and the invalidity rule was softended. The paper reviews the development of the Norwegian rules on RPTs and the circumstances leading to the various amendments of these rules. Furthermore, it includes an analysis of the new rules on RPTs applicable to limited companies and non-listed public limited companies.
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2020)
Article Tore Bråthen (2019)
Article Tore Bråthen (2018)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2018)
The State is not like any other owner. No other owner both owns firms and legislates. Notwithstanding great improvements in corporate governance and the Norwegian Parliament's white papers over the years, substantial legal issues still remain unclear. Role overlap, financial liability, exercise of control over firm's board, management, actions, and structure still remain unresolved.
Article Kari Birkeland, Tore Bråthen, Inger Julie Aasland (2018)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2018)
Article Tore Bråthen, Stine Winger Minde (2017)
Article Tore Bråthen (2017)
Article Tore Bråthen (2017)
Academic book Harald B Anderssen, Tore Bråthen (2016)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2016)
Review article Kari Birkeland, Tore Bråthen, Inger Julie Aasland (2016)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2016)
Article Tore Bråthen (2016)
Article Tore Bråthen (2015)
Article Tore Bråthen (2015)
Review article Kari Birkeland, Tore Bråthen (2015)
Review article Kari Birkeland, Tore Bråthen (2015)
Article Harald B Anderssen, Tore Bråthen, Paul Henning Fjeldheim (2015)
Article Tore Bråthen (2014)
Review article Kari Birkeland, Tore Bråthen, Inger Julie Aasland (2014)
Review article Kari Birkeland, Tore Bråthen, Inger Julie Aasland (2014)
Review article Kari Birkeland, Tore Bråthen, Inger Julie Aasland (2014)
Review article Kari Birkeland, Tore Bråthen, Inger Julie Aasland (2014)
Article Tore Bråthen (2013)
Article Tore Bråthen (2013)
Academic book Tore Bråthen (2011)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2011)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2010)
Article Tore Bråthen (2010)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2010)
Article Tore Bråthen (2007)
Article Tore Bråthen (2007)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2007)
Article Tore Bråthen (2007)
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Article Tore Bråthen (2005)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2005)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2005)
Article Tore Bråthen (2005)
Article Tore Bråthen (2005)
Article Tore Bråthen (2005)
Chapter tore BrÅthen (2004)
Article Tore Bråthen (2004)
Chapter Tore Bråthen, Anne Cathrine Sundby (2004)
Article Tore Bråthen (2004)
Article Tore Bråthen (2004)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2004)
Article Tore Bråthen (2004)
Article Tore Bråthen (2004)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2003)
Article Tore Bråthen (2003)
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Chapter Tore Bråthen (2001)
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Chapter Tore Bråthen (2001)
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Chapter Tore Bråthen (2001)
Article Tore Bråthen (2001)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2001)
Article Tore Bråthen (2001)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2001)
Article Tore Bråthen (2001)
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Article Tore Bråthen (2000)
Chapter Tore Bråthen (2000)
Article Tore Bråthen (2000)
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Article Tore Bråthen (1999)
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Article Tore Bråthen (1999)
Article Tore Bråthen (1999)
Article Tore Bråthen (1998)
Article Tore Bråthen (1998)
Feature article Tore Bråthen, Jenni Maria Pettersen (2023)
Feature article Stine Winger Minde, Tore Bråthen (2022)
Feature article Tore Bråthen (2022)
Textbook Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt, Tore Kristian Bråthen, Monica Viken, Stine Winger Minde (2024)
Report Tore Kristian Bråthen (2024)
Article Tore Kristian Bråthen, Kari Birkeland (2023)
Report Tore Kristian Bråthen (2023)
Book chapter Tore Kristian Bråthen (2023)
Textbook Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt, Tore Kristian Bråthen, Monica Viken, Stine Winger Minde (2023)
Textbook Tore Bråthen (2022)
Textbook Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt, Tore Bråthen, Monica Viken, Stine Winger Minde (2022)
Textbook Tore Bråthen, Silje Nesteng Andresen (2022)
Report Tore Bråthen, Tore Fjørtoft, Hanne Refsholt, Stine Winger Minde, Anne-Kristine Kronborg, Bjørnar Allgot, Ebba Boye, Karoline Jacobsen (2022)
Book Stine Winger Minde, Monica Viken, Tore Bråthen, Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt (2021)
Textbook Stine Winger Minde, Monica Viken, Tore Bråthen, Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt (2020)
Textbook Tore Bråthen (2020)
Conference lecture Stine Winger Minde, Tore Bråthen (2020)
Textbook Tore Bråthen, Erik Bruzell Eide (2019)
Article Tore Bråthen (2019)
Textbook Stine Winger Minde, Monica Viken, Tore Bråthen, Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt (2019)
Textbook Tore Bråthen, Nina Fodstad Skumsrud (2019)
Article Tore Bråthen, Kari Birkeland (2019)
Textbook Tore Bråthen (2019)
Textbook Tore Bråthen (2019)
Article Tore Bråthen, Inger Julie Aasland (2018)
Article Tore Bråthen, Inger Julie Aasland, Kari Birkeland (2018)
Textbook Tore Bråthen (2018)
Textbook Stine Winger Minde, Monica Viken, Tore Bråthen, Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt (2018)
Article Tore Bråthen (2018)
Article Kari Birkeland, Tore Bråthen, Inger Julie Aasland (2018)
Article Tore Bråthen, Inger Julie Aasland, Kari Birkeland (2018)
Textbook Tore Bråthen (2017)
Article Tore Bråthen, Kari Birkeland, Inger Julie Aasland (2017)
Textbook Stine Winger Minde, Monica Viken, Tore Bråthen, Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt (2017)
Article Tore Bråthen, Kari Birkeland, Inger Julie Aasland (2017)
Textbook Tore Bråthen (2017)
Textbook Tore Bråthen (2016)
Report Tore Bråthen (2016)
Report Stine Winger Minde, Tore Bråthen (2016)
Textbook Stine Winger Minde, Monica Viken, Tore Bråthen, Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt (2016)
Commentary Tore Kristian Bråthen, Hugo P. Matre (2016)
Textbook Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt, Tore Bråthen, Monica Viken, Stine winger Minde (2015)
Book Tore Bråthen (2015)
Academic book Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Textbook Tore Bråthen (2013)
Textbook Tore Bråthen, Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt (2013)
Article Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Lecture Tore Bråthen (2013)
Textbook Tore Bråthen, Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt (2012)
Article Tore Bråthen (2012)
Textbook Tore Bråthen, Margrethe Røse Solli (2012)
Textbook Tore Bråthen, Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt (2011)
Textbook Tore Bråthen, Margrethe Røse Solli (2011)
Report Tore Bråthen (2008)
Article Tore Bråthen (2008)
Article Tore Bråthen (2006)
Article Tore Bråthen (2005)
Article Tore Bråthen (2005)
Textbook Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt, tore BrÅthen (2005)
Working paper Tore Bråthen (2005)
Textbook Fridtjof Frank Gundersen, Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt, Tore Bråthen (2004)
Working paper Tore Bråthen, Margrethe Røse Solli (2004)
Book Tore Bråthen (2004)
Report Tore Bråthen, Margrethe Røse Solli (2003)
Book Tore Bråthen (2002)
Chapter in encyclopedia Tore Bråthen (2002)
Chapter in encyclopedia Tore Bråthen (2002)
Book Fridtjof Frank Gundersen, Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt, Tore Bråthen (2002)
Textbook Sverre Faafeng Langfeldt, Fridtjof Frank Gundersen, Tore Bråthen (2001)
Textbook Tore Bråthen (2001)
Textbook Tore Bråthen, Ole Gjems-Onstad (2001)
Article Tore Bråthen (2000)
Article Tore Bråthen (1999)
| Year | Academic Department | Degree |
|---|---|---|
| 1998 | University of Oslo | Ph.D Dr. Juris |
| 1985 | University of Oslo | Master Cand. Jur. |
| Year | Employer | Job Title |
|---|---|---|
| 1998 - Present | BI Norwegian Business School | Professor |
| 1998 - Present | University of Tromsø | Adjunct Professor |
| 2005 - 2017 | BI Norwegian Business School | Head of Department |
| 1985 - 1998 | University of Oslo | Assistant professor/ Associate professor |
| 1979 - 1983 | University of Oslo | Research assistant |